Regional
Scores killed as Syrian forces seek to crush Alawite insurgency
Syrian security forces battled for a second day on Friday to crush a nascent insurgency by fighters from Bashar al-Assad’s Alawite sect, with scores reported killed as the Islamist-led government faced the biggest challenge yet to its authority.
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that more than 180 people had been killed in two days of violence in the coastal region of western Syria, which is heavily populated by members of the Alawite minority, according to Reuters.
They included at least two dozen male residents of the Alawite town of Al Mukhtareyah killed by gunmen on Friday, the Observatory and two Alawite activists said, citing contacts in the region and video footage from the scene.
In his first comments on the violence, interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa said government forces would pursue “remnants” of the ousted Bashar al Assad government and bring them to trial. He also said those who assault civilians would be held accountable.
“We will continue to pursue the remnants of the fallen regime .. . We will bring them to a fair court, and we will continue to restrict weapons to the state, and no loose weapons will remain in Syria,” Sharaa added in a pre-recorded speech.
Syrian authorities said the violence began when remnants loyal to Assad launched a deadly and well-planned attack on their forces on Thursday.
The violence has shaken Sharaa’s efforts to consolidate control as his administration struggles to get U.S. sanctions lifted and grapples with wider security challenges, notably in the southwest, where Israel has said it will prevent Damascus from deploying forces.
The oil-rich northeast of the country also remains outside state control, held by a U.S.-backed Kurdish-led group.
Syrians took to the streets on Friday to rally in support of the government in Damascus and other cities.
Saudi Arabia and Turkey, both allies of the government, also signalled their backing, while the U.N. envoy to Syria said he was alarmed by the clashes and killings, including of civilians.
Russia, which was a major backer of Assad but has sought to build ties with the new government, called on all leaders of the country to stop the bloodshed.
Iran, formerly Assad’s closest ally, said it “strongly opposes insecurity, violence, killing and harming innocent Syrians from every group and tribe.”
Images from Al Mukhtareyah showed at least 20 men lying in close proximity – some bloodied – by the side of a road in the town centre. Reuters was able to verify the location in the video, but not when it was filmed or by whom.
Alawite activists, speaking on condition of anonymity, blamed the killings on gunmen affiliated with the Islamist ruling authorities.
Syrian state news agency SANA, citing a security source, said “individual violations” had been perpetrated after unorganized crowds had headed to the coastal region following the attacks on government security personnel.
“We are working to stop these violations,” the source said.
A prominent Alawite cleric, Sheikh Shabaan Mansour, 86, was killed on Friday with his son in the village of Sahlab in western Syria, according to two Alawite sources. Residents there accused fighters aligned with Damascus of killing them.
CURFEWS
The violence spiralled on Thursday when the authorities said groups of Assad-aligned militias targeted security patrols and checkpoints in the Jableh area and surrounding countryside, before spreading.
Moussa al-Omar, a Syrian media figure close to the country’s new leadership, told Reuters that tens of thousands of fighters in Syria’s newly constituted security forces had been deployed to the coast in the operation and order had been largely restored as of Friday night.
He said the crackdown was “a message to anyone in the south or east of Syria that the state … is capable of a military resolution at any time even as it seeks peaceful solutions.”
Curfews were declared on Friday in the coastal cities of Tartous and Latakia, SANA said. Security forces mounted combing operations in both cities and nearby mountains.
Alawite activists say their community has been subjected to violence and attacks, particularly in rural Homs and Latakia, since Assad was overthrown in December after decades of repressive family rule and civil war.
While Sharaa has pledged to run Syria in an inclusive way, no meetings have been declared between him and senior Alawite figures, in contrast to members of other minority groups.
ESCALATION RISK
“The chaos and paroxysm of killings will undermine the confidence of both foreign states and Syrians in his government and its ability to steer Syria out of this difficult phase,” said Joshua Landis, head of the Center for Middle East Studies at the University of Oklahoma.
A group of Alawite clerics, the Alawite Islamic Council, blamed the violence on the government, saying fighters had been sent to the coast “with the pretext of (combating) ‘regime remnants,’ to terrorise and kill Syrians.” It called for the region to be put under U.N. protection.
Saudi Arabia condemned “crimes being undertaken by outlaw groups” in Syria and their targeting of security forces.
Turkey, a close ally of Syria’s new government, also stated its support for Damascus, saying, “The tension in and around Latakia, as well as the targeting of security forces, could undermine the efforts to lead Syria into the future in unity and solidarity.”
Regional
Iran defends two-day proposal for peace talks after US rejects conditions
Iran defended a proposal on Monday to restart peace talks in as few as two days as the most reasonable offer on the table, after US Secretary of State Marco Rubio called some of Iran’s conditions “outrageous and ridiculous”.
Iran defended a proposal on Monday to restart peace talks in as few as two days as the most reasonable offer on the table, after US Secretary of State Marco Rubio called some of Iran’s conditions “outrageous and ridiculous”, Reuters reported.
“Is it unreasonable that Iran demands that US illegal sanctions and its naval blockade must be lifted before negotiations start and that the war should end on all fronts?” Foreign Ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baghaei told a weekly press conference in response to Rubio’s remarks.
Iran defended a proposal on Monday to restart peace talks in as few as two days as the most reasonable offer on the table, after US Secretary of State Marco Rubio called some of Iran’s conditions “outrageous and ridiculous”.
“Is it unreasonable that Iran demands that US illegal sanctions and its naval blockade must be lifted before negotiations start and that the war should end on all fronts?” Foreign Ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baghaei told a weekly press conference in response to Rubio’s remarks.
Regional
Explosions heard in areas in southern Iran, Iranian media report
Earlier on Saturday, Tasnim news agency said two missiles struck Qeshm Island with no official information on possible damage.
Explosions were heard on Saturday evening in several areas in southern Iran, including on Qeshm Island in the Strait of Hormuz, Iranian state television reported.
Iran’s state TV suggested that the explosions might be linked to Iranian military activities in the strategic waterway, which has become subject to repeated attacks on commercial shipping since the war erupted between the US and Iran in February.
It said Iranian officials have not confirmed any missile strikes on the areas, while the semi-official Tasnim news agency cited a source as saying that the explosions heard on Qeshm Island were not related to missile strikes.
Iran’s Revolutionary Guards Navy said early on Sunday that two oil tankers were on fire after hitting mines as they attempted to pass through an “unauthorized route” in the strait. It was not immediately clear if the incidents referred to by the IRGC were linked to the sound of explosions heard in southern Iranian areas.
Iran has hit vessels it says have violated its restrictions on passage through the waterway, as it seeks to assert control over the strait and exert pressure on Washington.
Earlier on Saturday, Tasnim news agency said two missiles struck Qeshm Island with no official information on possible damage.
The reported explosions come days after the US carried out strikes on the island. A US official said those strikes were limited and not a resumption of major combat operations.
The US military said on Saturday evening that its forces disabled a commercial vessel that tried to get through the US blockade of Iran.
The US Central Command said one of its aircraft fired at the vessel’s stern and disabled the ship after it attempted to violate the blockade.
Countries in the region had been anticipating that US President Donald Trump, who has held off on strikes on Iran during the weeks leading up to Tuesday’s midterm elections, could restart attacks once the voting was over. Iran has repeatedly said it would respond to new attacks by striking at US and Israeli targets in neighboring countries.
Regional
Pakistan’s leaders dread US Democrats’ win but its households are praying for it
Pakistan’s courtship of Trump, capped by its mediation in the Iran war, earned it a close relationship with his administration. That access has yet to deliver clear economic gains, and congressional scrutiny of Islamabad’s dealings with Trump’s inner circle now threatens the rewards its leaders hoped would follow.
Pakistan’s leaders spent two years courting US President Donald Trump, but after the Democrats’ win in Tuesday’s congressional vote, they are preparing for scrutiny of their access to the White House.
Ordinary Pakistanis see the result differently. Many hope the shift in Washington will ease a cost-of-living crisis intensified by the US-Israel war on Iran, Reuters reported.
“We believe meaningful negotiations with the current US administration are not possible, and the ongoing bloodshed will not end until there is a change in [the US] government,” Karachi resident Sajjad Ali said.
“We want peace, economic improvement and a reduction in the rising oil prices.”
Asim Zafar, also from Karachi, said he hoped the results would rein in Trump. “It could bring changes in important policies and perhaps help prevent some of the injustices being committed against Muslim countries,” he said.
But for Pakistan’s government and powerful military leadership, analysts say, the outcome is far more worrying.
Pakistan’s courtship of Trump, capped by its mediation in the Iran war, earned it a close relationship with his administration. That access has yet to deliver clear economic gains, and congressional scrutiny of Islamabad’s dealings with Trump’s inner circle now threatens the rewards its leaders hoped would follow.
A BET ON ONE MAN
The courtship began early in Trump’s second term, with army chief Asim Munir — who Trump has repeatedly described as his “favourite field marshal” — as Islamabad’s main channel to the White House.
Their June 2025 lunch took place unusually without Pakistani civilian officials present, which put the military at the centre of the rapprochement.
According to Pakistan’s military, their talks went beyond security to cooperation in mining, energy and cryptocurrency.
Pakistan then joined Trump’s Board of Peace and nominated him for the Nobel Peace Prize, crediting him with helping end its May 2025 conflict with India. New Delhi denies US mediation halted hostilities.
Earlier this year, Iran mediation gave the courtship strategic substance: Islamabad relayed messages and hosted April talks between the US and Iran, but the eventual Islamabad Agreement quickly faltered.
For consumers, Pakistan’s rising diplomatic influence has offered little protection from the war’s costs while the payoff for the state has also been thin. The US Export-Import Bank approved $1.25 billion for Pakistan’s Reko Diq copper and gold project in December 2025. But Pakistan’s signature $10 billion request for a US Treasury facility remains unanswered.
DEALS UNDER SCRUTINY
Pakistan’s outreach, public and private, now carries political risk because several arrangements involve Trump’s family or close associates.
Islamabad has signed memoranda to explore payments in USD1, a stablecoin issued by the Trump-linked World Liberty Financial. At the signing in January, Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb said innovation should be “aligned with regulation, stability, and national interest.”
It has also signed another memorandum to redevelop Manhattan’s Roosevelt Hotel, a deal negotiated by envoy Steve Witkoff, and placed a limited drone order with Powerus, whose investors include Trump’s sons Donald Jr. and Eric.
“There are no conflicts of interest,” White House spokeswoman Anna Kelly told Reuters in September, when asked about Powerus.
Husain Haqqani, a former Pakistani ambassador to Washington and senior fellow at the Abu Dhabi-based Anwar Gargash Diplomatic Academy, said Pakistan’s leaders had “built a transactional relationship” with Trump’s team. Some arrangements involving the president’s friends and relatives “might not last,” he said. “Pakistan seems totally unprepared for that scrutiny.”
Daniel Markey, a senior fellow at the Washington-based Stimson Center, warned that investigations could taint the wider relationship if dealings appeared driven by private interests.
From Pakistan’s perspective, there may still be cards left to play, analysts said.
The Atlantic Council’s Michael Kugelman said Pakistan’s counterterrorism cooperation and Iran diplomacy enjoyed bipartisan support, and Democrats would be more likely to blame problematic deals on Trump than on Pakistan.
But “the risk for Pakistan is that it put so many of its diplomatic eggs in the White House basket that it won’t have anything left for the Democrats,” Kugelman said.
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