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Small rocky planet detected in orbit about nearby Barnard’s star

While this planet, orbiting very close to Barnard’s star, has a surface temperature too high to be suitable for life, the researchers found what they called “strong hints” of three other planets around Barnard’s star that might be better candidates.

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Barnard’s star is a red dwarf, the smallest type of regular star and much smaller and less luminous than our sun. At about 6 light years away, it is the closest single star – one not orbiting with other stars – to our solar system. It is, in cosmic terms, in our neighborhood.

Because of this, scientists eager to study nearby potentially habitable worlds are excited by the discovery of the first confirmed planet orbiting Barnard’s star, a rocky one with a mass about 40% that of Earth, Reuters reported.

While this planet, orbiting very close to Barnard’s star, has a surface temperature too high to be suitable for life, the researchers found what they called “strong hints” of three other planets around Barnard’s star that might be better candidates.

The confirmed planet, called Barnard b, has a predicted diameter about three-quarters that of Earth, so about 6,000 miles (9,700 km).

“It is one of the least massive planets ever found,” beyond our solar system, said astronomer Jonay González Hernández of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias in Tenerife, Spain, lead author of the study published this week in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics, opens new tab.

Among planets in our solar system, only Mars and Mercury are smaller.

Barnard b, with a surface temperature around 275 degrees Fahrenheit (125 degrees Celsius), orbits Barnard’s star in just three Earth days at a distance 20 times closer than our solar system’s innermost planet Mercury is to the sun.

Planets beyond the solar system are called exoplanets. Scientists searching for exoplanets that possibly could harbor life look at those residing in the “habitable zone” around a star, where it is not too hot and not too cold, and liquid water can exist on the planetary surface.

The researchers used an instrument called ESPRESSO on the European Southern Observatory’s Chile-based Very Large Telescope to detect this planet. The three other potential planets orbiting Barnard’s star all apparently are rocky and smaller than Earth, ranging from 20-30% of Earth’s mass. The hope is that at least one of these may be in the vicinity of the habitable zone.

If confirmed, this would be the only known star with a multi-planet system entirely comprised of planets smaller than Earth.

Barnard’s star, in the constellation Ophiuchus, has a mass about 16% of the sun’s, a diameter 19% of it and is far less hot. It also is estimated to be more than twice as old as the sun.

“Being so cold and small, it is quite faint, making its habitable zone much closer to the star than in the case of the sun,” said Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias astronomer and study co-author Alejandro Suárez Mascareño. “It also is a very quiet star. While some red dwarfs have been found to flare very frequently, Barnard’s star doesn’t do it.”

The closer that exoplanets are to us, the easier they are to study. It is easier to detect low-mass rocky planets orbiting red dwarfs, the most common type of star in our Milky Way galaxy, than around larger stars.

Only the three stars in the Alpha Centauri system, about 4 light-years away, are closer to our solar system than Barnard’s star. A light-year is the distance light travels in a year, 5.9 trillion miles (9.5 trillion km). Two exoplanets have been detected in the Alpha Centauri system, both orbiting the red dwarf Proxima Centauri. One has a mass about equal to Earth’s. The other is about 25% Earth’s mass.

In science fiction, light speed travel is commonplace. In reality, it is far beyond human capabilities, though research projects such as Breakthrough Starshot are exploring the feasibility of interstellar travel. Barnard’s star and Alpha Centauri might be on wish lists of future destinations.

“While they are very close in astronomical terms, they are out of reach for any kind of human technology. However, if projects such as the Breakthrough Starshot are successful, it is likely that these will be some of the first targets,” Mascareño said.

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Afghan officials join ICESCO meeting, discuss preservation of Islamic manuscripts

Participants underscored the importance of safeguarding these documents, noting that the focus on Mali reflects the manuscripts’ unique cultural and historical value.

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Officials from the Ministry of Information and Culture participated in an online scientific meeting organised by the Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ICESCO), focused on the preservation of Islamic manuscripts.

Obaidullah Hanif, Director of the National Archive, and Mohammad Shafiq Ahmadzai, Head of Foreign Relations and Cultural Attachés at the ministry, joined the session held by ICESCO’s Centre for Calligraphy and Manuscripts under the theme “Islamic Manuscripts in the World.”

The meeting examined the condition of Islamic manuscripts in Mali and discussed strategies for their preservation and protection as part of global cultural heritage.

ICESCO representatives highlighted that Mali’s extensive collection of hundreds of thousands of historical manuscripts represents one of the most significant repositories of Islamic civilisation and intellectual history in West Africa.

Participants underscored the importance of safeguarding these documents, noting that the focus on Mali reflects the manuscripts’ unique cultural and historical value.

ICESCO is an intergovernmental organization specializing in the fields of education, science and culture.

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Afghanistan announces over 1,000 education ministry vacancies, prioritises returnees

Officials said the hiring will be conducted transparently, with candidates selected strictly on merit, qualifications, and professional competence.

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Afghanistan’s Ministry of Education has announced 1,060 vacant administrative posts across district education departments and regional education zones, to be filled through an open competitive recruitment process.

Officials said the hiring will be conducted transparently, with candidates selected strictly on merit, qualifications, and professional competence. They stressed that ethnic or regional considerations will not play any role in the selection process.

In a related development, Mohammad Zahid Ahmadzai, Deputy Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, said returning refugees will be given priority in employment opportunities. He added that the ministry is working with multiple institutions to broaden job creation across the country.

Education ministry officials noted that the newly advertised posts form part of a revised organisational structure designed to strengthen administrative capacity across 473 districts nationwide.

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International Sports

IPL 2026: RR slip to fifth as Shane Bond calls for bowling changes

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Rajasthan Royals (RR) bowling coach Shane Bond says his side’s bowlers must start “doing something different” after another disappointing defeat in IPL 2026 left the team slipping down the points table.

RR suffered a heavy loss to Gujarat Titans (GT) on Saturday after conceding more than 200 runs for the fourth straight match. The defeat pushed them down to fifth place with only three league games remaining.

The problems started early when fast bowler Jofra Archer struggled badly in the opening over, needing 11 balls to complete it after bowling a no-ball and several wides. The over cost RR 18 runs and set the tone for another difficult evening.

Former New Zealand pacer Mitchell McClenaghan said Archer appeared rusty after the team’s eight-day break and suggested Jaipur’s pitches are not helping RR’s pace attack.

Bond admitted RR’s bowling has not adapted well enough to the aggressive batting seen throughout this year’s IPL.

“You’ve got to be doing something different,” Bond said after the match. “Batsmen are developing new shots and putting bowlers under pressure, so bowlers also need to develop new skills and new plans.”

He added that bowlers must improve both their decision-making and execution, while using analysts more effectively to study opposition batting patterns.

Despite their recent slump, RR remain in contention for the playoffs, although their form has become a growing concern after a strong start to the season.

Meanwhile, IPL action continues on Sunday with Chennai Super Kings taking on Lucknow Super Giants in the afternoon match, while Royal Challengers Bengaluru face Mumbai Indians in a high-profile evening clash.

Chennai Super Kings will look to revive their inconsistent campaign against a Lucknow side still fighting for a playoff place, while Bengaluru and Mumbai meet in what could prove crucial in the race for the top four.

Both matches will be broadcast live across Afghanistan on Ariana Television Network.

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