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US and Ghani government ‘set the stage’ for the collapse of republic: SIGAR

Washington’s Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) John F. Sopko stated in a report released Monday, that the agency found six short-term factors accelerated the collapse of the Afghan security forces in August 2021.
In his report to Congress, Sopko said first the decision by the United States to withdraw all U.S. military forces “fundamentally changed the behaviors of the United States, the [Ashraf] Ghani administration, and the Taliban (IEA).”
He said many Afghans thought the U.S.-Taliban agreement was an act of bad faith and a signal that the “United States was handing over Afghanistan to the enemy as it rushed to exit the country,” he said adding that “its immediate effect was a dramatic loss in ANDSF morale”.
In addition, the change in the U.S. military’s level of support to the ANDSF; the failure to establish a self-sustaining ANDSF; former President Ashraf Ghani’s frequent changes of ANDSF leaders and appointment of loyalists; the Afghan government’s failure to take responsibility for Afghan security through the implementation of a national security strategy; and the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan’s (IEA) effective exploitation of ANDSF weaknesses, were also behind the collapse of the security forces.
“These six short-term factors worked together to cause the ANDSF’s collapse,” Sopko stated in the report.
He said, in addition, SIGAR identified eight systemic factors that explain why, after 20 years and nearly $90 billion in U.S.
security assistance, the ANDSF was vulnerable to collapse in the first place and ill prepared to sustain security following a U.S. withdrawal.
According to him, these factors were:
The length of the U.S. commitment was disconnected from a realistic understanding of the time required to build a self-sustaining security sector;
No one country or agency had ownership of the ANDSF development mission;
Advisors were often poorly trained and inexperienced for their mission, while frequent personnel rotations impeded standardization, continuity of effort, and institutional memory;
The lack of effective interagency oversight and assessment programs prevented a clear picture of reality on the ground;
Afghan corruption eroded ANDSF capabilities;
U.S training, logistics and weapons procurement policies undermined its stated goal of creating a self-sustaining Afghan military;
The United States perpetuated pre-existing ethnic and regional tensions rather than achieving stated mission goals of force diversity and unification;
The U.S. and Afghan governments failed to develop a police force effective at providing justice and protecting Afghan citizens from crime.
Sopko also stated that during SIGAR’s work looking at the accounting for and status of U.S.-provided equipment to the ANDSF and U.S.trained ANDSF personnel, the agency found that the United States lacked a full accounting of equipment and personnel even before the collapse.
He said the IEA is now using U.S.-provided military equipment in operations; and while some U.S.-provided aircraft have been recovered, others remain in limbo in other countries.
In addition, ANDSF personnel have escaped, are in hiding, have been killed, or may have joined extremist groups, Sopko stated.
Sopko also stated in the report that the US department of defense and the state departed declined to review the interim
Draft of the report and in turn denied SIGAR access to their staff, “and mostly declined to answer requests for information”.
“This limited SIGAR’s ability to perform this evaluation. Still, this final version includes additional information that we received from U.S. and former Afghan officials over the past eight months, without support from U.S. agencies.”
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Dozens of needy families in Ghazni get much needed food aid from Bayat Foundation

In continuation of Ramadan aid efforts in Afghanistan, Bayat Foundation this week distributed food aid packages to dozens of needy families in central Ghazni province.
Officials from Bayat Foundation stated that these donations were distributed to deserving families after a thorough assessment was carried out.
The foundation distributed food aid that included essential items such as flour, rice, and cooking oil.
Families who received the aid welcomed the initiative and thanked the foundation. They also appealed to other organizations to help the needy during the holy month of Ramadan.
Bayat Foundation has provided significant aid to the needy residents of this province in the past.
The foundation has also distributed substantial amounts of food aid to several other provinces so far this Ramadan.
Bayat Foundation however has also been at the forefront of providing humanitarian assistance during disasters, such as earthquakes and floods. In addition, it has rolled out numerous projects over the years, such as the project to provide clean drinking water in various provinces. It has also helped build mosques, schools and healthcare centers.
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UN warns over 4 million Afghan girls will be deprived of education by 2030 if ban continues

United Nations spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric warned Monday that over four million Afghan girls could be deprived of an education by 2030 if the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA) continues with its ban.
Addressing a press conference in New York Dujarric said UNICEF has reported that another 400,000 girls are being deprived of a secondary school education in this new academic year, which started this week.
“UNICEF tells us that in Afghanistan the new school year started today but an additional 400,000 girls are being deprived of their right to education bringing the total number of girls without access to this essential right to 2.2 million.
“That’s 2.2 million girls being deprived of education today. [This] marks three years since the start of the ban on girls secondary education. UNICEF says that if this ban persists until 2030, which we hope it won’t, over four million girls will have been deprived of their right to education beyond primary schooling.”
He went on to say “Afghanistan cannot leave half of its population behind despite the ban.”
Dujarric pointed out that UNICEF has provided access to education to some 445,000 children through community-based learning, 64% of whom are girls. UNICEF is also empowering female teachers to ensure that girls have positive role models,” he said.
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Norwegian Refugee Council cuts back on essential humanitarian services in Afghanistan

The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) said Tuesday it is forced to cut back on services in Afghanistan due to the cuts in aid by Donald Trump, the president of the United States.
In a statement issued on Tuesday, Suze van Meegen, N RC’s interim country director in Afghanistan said: “At a time when men, women and children in Afghanistan urgently need international funding and support, NRC and our partners are facing drastic funding cuts from key donors.
“This situation leaves us with no choice but to make untenable reductions in our services, further jeopardising vital lifelines for the most vulnerable and impoverished communities.”
She said like many humanitarian organisations, NRC Afghanistan has been forced to close offices in several provinces and lay off many dedicated and professional humanitarian staff, with a particularly adverse impact on female aid workers.
“These funding cuts have far-reaching consequences. They extend from communities that have lost access to basic assistance to thousands of experienced Afghan staff that have lost their livelihoods,” van Meegen said.
The NRC warned that wide-ranging cuts in aid will lead to a diminishing footprint of humanitarian agencies in Afghanistan and leave the lives of millions on an increasingly dangerous trajectory, affecting women and children most adversely
In January, Trump suspended ongoing aid projects which forced the majority of US-funded humanitarian work to be put on hold or end. Other donor governments – including Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom – have since also announced that their global aid budgets will be reduced in the coming years, foreshadowing a significant drop in the assistance available to the world’s most vulnerable.
“This is the most challenging situation that NRC Afghanistan has faced in its 22 years in the country. However, I want to emphasise that NRC Afghanistan is not shutting down its operations. We remain committed to staying in Afghanistan to support displaced women, men and children and to ensure that communities affected by decades of war are not left behind,” said van Meegen.
The NRC said that since January, it has been forced to close two of its community resource centres, with two more at risk without suitable funding in the coming month.
The centres have been crucial in supporting returning and internally displaced Afghans, providing assistance with housing, food, legal assistance and referrals to healthcare providers, particularly for Afghan women who are heading their families and depend on female-to-female aid.
The loss of female aid workers across the country is further restricting women and children’s access to essential services, reinforcing the conditions that prevent them from enjoying their basic rights, the NRC said.
Van Meegen said: “To prevent catastrophic damage in Afghanistan, the international community needs to step up and commit to supporting a population that has faced decades of war and neglect.”
The NRC has been present in Afghanistan since 2003, delivering key services with the support of its donors, directly delivering assistance to people in need.
This includes providing shelter and protection services to displaced Afghans and those returning from neighbouring countries.
According to the UN’s latest findings, almost 22.3 million Afghans need humanitarian assistance and 1 in 3 Afghans (more than 14 million people) do not know where their next meal will come from.
In 2024, the United States contributed just under $742 million to Afghanistan’s $1.72 billion Humanitarian Response Plan – this equalled 43.4%.
The 2025 humanitarian response plan for Afghanistan is currently just 13.3%, according to UNOCHA.
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