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1400: A tumultuous year for Afghanistan politics
From the collapse of intra-Afghan peace talks to the Islamic Emirate’s return to power, 1400 was filled with major political events.
On 11 Hamal, (March 31) a crucial summit on peace was scheduled to start in Turkey, a meeting that was at the time dubbed the second Bonn conference.
However, the summit failed to take place due to disputes within the ranks of the former government and a disagreement over the agenda.
Peace negotiations between the IEA and an Afghan delegation in Doha also failed to provide results and collapsed in the month of Saratan (July).
A visit to Doha by former Afghan president Hamid Karzai and his delegation also ran into problems and was called off just one day before the collapse of the former government.
At the time, sources from the presidential palace said the delegation had beern barred from travelling by then president Ashraf Ghani.
On 24 Asad (August 15), the Western-backed government collapsed without warning after 20 years. Ghani and many other high-ranking government officials fled the country just hours before the IEA swept into Kabul and took over.
Ghani’s desertion was confirmed and announced by former CEO Abdullah Abdullah and days later it emerged the former president had flown to the UAE.
As IEA forces entered the presidential palace, its leaders celebrated what they called a victory against the United States and the West.
However, the world was shaken by the Republic’s sudden collapse.
What followed was a chaotic evacuation process of foreign troops, diplomats and foreign workers – along with tens of thousands of Afghans.
Since then, world alliances and international organizations such as the United Nations, the European Union and NATO have held emergency meetings on Afghanistan. The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) also held a meeting on Afghanistan in Pakistan.
The UN has since scrambled to help ward off a major humanitarian crisis in the country, while the United States has defended its position after having come under fire for the way it handled the situation.
For the IEA’s part, it has appealed to the international community to work with them and the new order immediately brought about a semblance of security.
Zalmay Khalilzad, the former US special representative for Afghanistan, has questioned Pakistan’s commitment to the welfare of the Afghan people, citing Islamabad’s policies over the past three decades.
Khalilzad said in a post on X that Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif advocated for the rights of Afghan women during his speech at the UN General Assembly on Friday.
Sharif said: “Fundamental rights of the Afghan people — especially women and girls — must be respected.”
Responding to the remarks, Khalilzad said Pakistan’s policies over the past 30 years raise questions about Sharif’s commitment to Afghan welfare.
He cited Pakistan’s support for militant groups against US forces and what he described as the poor treatment of Afghan refugees as examples.
Khalilzad also said Afghanistan and Pakistan need and should have much better relations, adding that “a reset is necessary.”
India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri met with the UN Secretary-General’s Special Representative for Afghanistan, Rabab Fatima, on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly.
Indian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal said in a post on X that Misri underscored the need to keep addressing the humanitarian needs of the Afghan people as a priority.
Misri also appreciated the role of the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) and reaffirmed India’s continued cooperation with the United Nations on Afghanistan.
The meeting comes as Afghanistan continues to face humanitarian and economic challenges, with international agencies warning of significant needs among the Afghan population.
Kazakhstan’s Foreign Minister Mukhtar Tileuberdi has called for pragmatic and coordinated international engagement with Afghanistan, saying the country’s long-term stability is closely linked to the security and sustainable development of Central Asia.
Speaking during the general debate of the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York on Friday, Tileuberdi said humanitarian assistance to Afghanistan remains essential but alone cannot break the cycle of poverty, displacement and dependency.
He said Kazakhstan supports a “pragmatic, coordinated and step-by-step” approach to international engagement with Afghanistan, with the United Nations playing a central role.
Tileuberdi also said Kazakhstan is working with the UN to operationalize the United Nations Regional Centre for the Sustainable Development Goals for Central Asia and Afghanistan in Almaty.
He said the success of the centre should be measured by the results and assistance it delivers to the region.
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