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Islam: The world’s fastest-growing religion from 2010 to 2020
Islam experienced the fastest growth among the world’s major religions in the decade leading up to 2020, according to new estimates from the Pew Research Center.
During this period, the global Muslim population surged by 347 million, reaching approximately 2.0 billion. This growth outpaced that of every other religious group, solidifying Islam’s position as the second-largest religion globally, following Christianity.
In contrast, the number of Christians grew by 122 million, totaling 2.3 billion by 2020. Notably, Buddhists were the only major group to see a decline in absolute numbers, decreasing by 19 million to 324 million.
The study spanned 201 countries and territories, covering 99.98% of the global population, and focused on seven religious categories: Christians, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, Jews, followers of other religions, and the religiously unaffiliated.
Muslim population growth during this decade exceeded the combined growth of all non-Muslim groups, which totaled 248 million. Remarkably, the increase in Muslims alone was greater than the entire global Buddhist population in 2020.
This rapid expansion has narrowed the population gap between Muslims and Christians.
In 2010, Muslims represented 23.9% of the global population compared to Christians at 30.6%. By 2020, those figures had shifted to 25.6% for Muslims and 28.8% for Christians. One key factor behind the slower growth of Christianity is high rates of religious disaffiliation.
Why Is the Muslim Population Growing So Quickly?
Pew Research Center reported that the primary drivers of Muslim population growth are demographic. Muslims tend to be younger and have higher fertility rates than adherents of other religions.
Between 2015 and 2020, Muslim women had an average of 2.9 children, compared to 2.2 for non-Muslim women. Additionally, the median age of Muslims in 2020 was 24, nine years younger than the global non-Muslim median age of 33.
Religious conversion played a minimal role in this growth. Survey data from 117 countries between 2008 and 2024 indicate that about 1% of those raised as Muslims leave the faith. However, this is roughly offset by an equivalent number of people converting to Islam.
Where Do Most Muslims Live?
In 2020, the largest number of Muslims resided in the Asia-Pacific region (1.2 billion), followed by the Middle East and North Africa (414 million), and Sub-Saharan Africa (369 million). Although Europe and North America have much smaller Muslim populations, these communities
experienced significantly faster growth compared to their non-Muslim counterparts during the decade.
Muslims made up the highest share of the population in the Middle East and North Africa, comprising 94% of the region’s inhabitants. However, despite its strong association with Islam, this region accounted for only about 20% of the world’s Muslim population, Pew Research Center reported.
The countries with the largest Muslim populations in 2020 were outside the Middle East:
Indonesia: 239 million
Pakistan: 227 million
India: 213 million
Bangladesh: 151 million
Globally, Muslims formed the majority in 53 countries and territories as of 2020.
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6.1-magnitude earthquake hits Afghanistan, epicenter in Badakhshan
A 6.1-magnitude earthquake struck Afghanistan on Saturday afternoon, according to the United States Geological Survey (USGS).
The quake’s epicenter was reported in Jurm district of Badakhshan province, with a depth of 208.3 kilometers.
So far, there have been no immediate reports of casualties or damage following the tremor.
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Delawar says Afghanistan has achieved security and unity after 47 years
Shahabuddin Delawar, Head of the Commission for Contact with Afghan Personalities, says Afghanistan has achieved security, unified governance, brotherhood, and progress for the first time in 47 years under the administration of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (IEA).
Speaking at a meeting in Kabul on Saturday, Delawar said Afghanistan had lacked a unified system over the past four decades, but added that with the return of the Islamic Emirate, the issue has now been resolved.
Referring to Ashura commemorations held on Friday, he said the occasion was observed peacefully across the country under full security.
Delawar also urged exiled Afghan politicians to return, saying the commission was established to serve Afghans and address the concerns of returning figures. He added that any legal disputes involving returnees would be handled exclusively through the commission.
He further said the Islamic Emirate has expanded treatment centers and intensified anti-narcotics efforts since regaining power, claiming this has led to a significant decline in drug addiction.
Addressing the issue of international legitimacy, Delawar said he understood why the United States has not recognized the Islamic Emirate, arguing that Washington suffered a defeat in Afghanistan that it cannot easily overlook.
“They have suffered a major defeat that they cannot forget; if they recognize us, they will face questions from their own people,” Delawar said.
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EU announces major funding to support Afghan small businesses
The European Union says it is implementing hundreds of millions of euros in projects to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Afghanistan and help expand economic opportunities across the country.
Speaking to Ariana News, EU Chargé d’Affaires in Kabul, Veronika Boskovic Pohar, said the programs are aimed at creating jobs for skilled workers, women, youth, and returnees, while also strengthening the private sector. She added that alongside international support, Afghan authorities also have a role in facilitating economic growth.
According to Pohar, the EU is currently implementing projects worth €156 million focused on livelihoods, durable solutions, job creation, and women’s economic empowerment. She said an additional €40 million program specifically designed to support returnees will be launched in the near future.
She noted that the EU is gradually shifting its focus from emergency humanitarian aid toward long-term sustainable solutions, particularly for internally displaced people and returnees in Afghanistan.
Meanwhile, the United Nations, marking World Day of Small and Medium Enterprises, said SMEs account for more than 90 percent of businesses worldwide and play a critical role in employment and economic growth.
UN spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric stressed that stronger investment, innovation, and sustainable industrial development are essential to help businesses withstand economic challenges and build resilient economies.
Afghan private sector representatives and economic analysts say greater support for SMEs could help the country address economic challenges faster, increase employment, and promote sustainable long-term development.
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