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Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have killed at least 500,000 people: Report

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In the 76 countries in which the U.S. is currently fighting terrorism, at least three have been incredibly deadly: Iraq, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

And as the U.S. pullout from Afghanistan nears the one year mark, Brown University’s Costs of War Project report details just how deadly they’ve been.

It counts how many people have been killed by the “United States’ post-9/11 wars” in these three countries, along with others.

The report accounts for deaths in Afghanistan and Pakistan between October 2001 and October 2018, and in Iraq between March 2003 and September 2021.

In October 2001, the U.S. invaded Afghanistan to defeat the al-Qaeda and the Taliban (IEA), and 20 years later, on August 30, 2021, the U.S. completed a chaotic withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan regained full control of the country.

In March 2003, the U.S. invaded Iraq and overthrew Saddam Hussein’s regime under the pretense that the regime had weapons of mass destruction, most notably nuclear weapons.

The U.S. pulled out in 2011, paving the way for the rise of ISIS and the re-deployment of U.S. troops, military.com reported.

Pakistan is a little murkier. Since 9/11, the U.S. has conducted hundreds of drone strikes in Pakistan and used the country as a military staging area — but Islamabad has been accused of harboring terrorists as well.

The Costs of War report notes that the actual number of deaths are low because of the limits documenting death in conflict zones.

“For example, tens of thousands of civilians may have died in retaking Mosul and other cities from ISIS but their bodies have likely not been recovered,” the report said.

It also notes that the death toll is only direct deaths — not indirect deaths, such as “loss of access to food, water, health facilities, electricity or other infrastructure.”

Here’s what they found:

6,951 U.S. military deaths.

Iraq: 4,550 deaths.

Afghanistan: 2,401 deaths.

Pakistan: 0 deaths.

There were also 21 civilian DOD deaths, including six in Afghanistan and 15 in Iraq, the Cost of War report notes.

7,820 U.S. contractor deaths.

Iraq: 3,793 deaths.

Afghanistan: 3,937 deaths.

Pakistan: 90 deaths.

109,154 national military and police deaths.

Iraq: 41,726 deaths.

Afghanistan: 58,596 deaths.

Pakistan: 8,832 deaths.

1,464 Allied troop deaths.

Iraq: 323 deaths.

Afghanistan: 1,141 deaths.

Pakistan: 0 deaths.

244,124 — 266,427 civilians.

Iraq: 182,272 — 204,575 deaths.

Afghanistan: 38,480 deaths.

Pakistan: 23,372 deaths.

109,396 — 114,471 opposition fighters.

Iraq: 34,806 — 39,881 deaths.

Afghanistan: 42,100 deaths.

Pakistan: 32,490 deaths.

362 journalists and media workers.

Iraq: 245 deaths.

Afghanistan: 54 deaths.

Pakistan: 63 deaths.

566 humanitarian and NGO workers.

Iraq: 62 deaths.

Afghanistan: 409 deaths.

Pakistan: 95 deaths.

479,858 — 507,236 total deaths.

Iraq: 267,792 — 295,170 deaths.

Afghanistan: 147,124 deaths.

Pakistan: 64,942 deaths.

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Afghan envoy invites Fazlur Rehman to Kabul amid push for better Pak-Afghan ties

The discussions focused on strengthening cooperation and exploring ways to reduce tensions between the two countries.

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Afghanistan’s ambassador to Pakistan, Sardar Ahmad Shakeeb, has invited Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam-Fazl (JUI-F) chief Maulana Fazlur Rehman to attend an event marking the Islamic Emirate’s return to power.

The invitation was extended during a meeting between Shakeeb and Fazlur Rehman, where the two discussed Pakistan-Afghanistan relations and the regional security situation, local media reported.

The meeting comes amid strained relations between Islamabad and Kabul, with both sides exchanging views on ways to improve bilateral cooperation and ease existing tensions.

Shakeeb and Fazlur Rehman also discussed developments affecting regional security and stressed the need for greater cooperation between the two neighbouring countries.

The Afghan envoy and the JUI-F chief emphasised the importance of maintaining communication channels and strengthening engagement between Islamabad and Kabul at a time of repeated friction in bilateral relations.

The discussions focused on strengthening cooperation and exploring ways to reduce tensions between the two countries.

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Islamic Emirate leader urges Kabul University graduates to uphold Islamic values

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Islamic Emirate leader Sheikh Hibatullah Akhundzada has urged Kabul University graduates to uphold Islamic values and Sharia laws under all circumstances and not abandon their religion.

A Ministry of Higher Education official read out Akhundzada’s message on Wednesday at a graduation ceremony for around 2,500 students from Kabul University.

In his message, Akhundzada called on graduates to respect their parents and teachers and to uphold piety, sincerity, honesty and trustworthiness in their daily lives.

He also urged university teachers to provide students with proper religious, intellectual, moral, academic and professional education, promote unity and focus on their moral development.

According to the Ministry of Higher Education, around 2,500 students graduated in 2026 from 80 departments across 22 faculties of Kabul University.

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US State Department: Afghanistan fails to meet minimum fiscal transparency standards

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The U.S. Department of State says Afghanistan’s ministries and other public-sector institutions failed to meet any of the minimum requirements for fiscal transparency during the review period.

In its 2026 Fiscal Transparency Report, released Tuesday, the State Department said no Afghan entity had published an executive budget proposal or an end-of-year report within a reasonable timeframe.

The report said that in the absence of a publicly available budget, there was no confirmation of government expenditures made to support public services. It also said Afghan institutions had not published timely information on public-sector debt obligations.

According to the report, publicly available revenue and expenditure figures did not correspond to actual revenues and expenditures, based on information gathered through contacts and the government’s inability to service public-sector debts.

However, some state-owned enterprises independently published information on their revenues and expenditures.

The State Department also said an entity calling itself the Supreme Audit Office, which announced that it would begin operating in 2022, had not clarified the legal basis for its activities and did not publish any audits or audit findings during the review period.

The report further noted that the IEA did not make public the budgets of their “military” and intelligence services.

The U.S. State Department recommended that Afghan ministries and public institutions improve fiscal transparency by publishing reliable budget documents on time, following internationally accepted budgeting principles, strengthening oversight of off-budget accounts, and making information on public-sector debt publicly available.

It also called for clearer laws governing natural-resource extraction and public procurement, as well as ensuring that any supreme audit institution operates independently and meets international standards.

Meanwhile, the Islamic Emirate’s spokesperson, Zabihullah Mujahid, said Afghanistan’s budget does not belong to any other country, and therefore there is no obligation to provide information to others about how it is spent.

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