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A look back at three years under the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
After defeating foreign forces and the republic government, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan swept across the country on August 14, 2021, seizing power as they went. A day later Kabul fell to the IEA, which has ruled the country ever since.
In this time, the Islamic Emirate was able to resist internal problems and international sanctions and achieve progress in governance and diplomatic relations with other countries.
The IEA has however been unable to achieve global legitimacy as the government in power.
But relations have improved over the past two years, especially with countries in the region. A number of which have accepted IEA diplomats.
All of Afghanistan’s neighbors, except Tajikistan, have recognized IEA diplomatic missions in their countries.
China was one of them, and became the first country to officially accept an IEA ambassador in Beijing.
Kazakhstan was another country that took a step to remove the IEA for its list of terrorist groups.
The IEA has however remained a ‘caretaker’ government in this time.
As yet, no country has officially recognized the IEA government.
International sanctions, including travel bans of IEA officials, and banking sanctions remained in place. In addition, Afghanistan’s seat at the United Nations has not yet been handed over to the IEA.
The acting government, meanwhile, deems the past three years to have been successful and emphasizes that despite global pressure on the IEA, it has been able to deal with problems and achieve success in various fields.
IEA spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said in relation to recognition that many countries have official interaction with the ruling authorities and this in itself indicates recognition of the Islamic Emirate.
“We are in official interaction with China, the region, neighbors and Islamic countries. About 40 countries have official interactions with Afghanistan, they have embassies, consulates, consular services,” said Mujahid.
In these three years, according to the general amnesty decree of the supreme leader of the Islamic Emirate, Sheikh Hibatullah Akhundzada, the invitation to political figures and officials of the former government, who left the country after the fall of the republic system, to return to
Afghanistan continued, and during this period, hundreds of people including teachers and academics, political figures and former officials returned to the country through the Contact Commission.
However, in his speeches in the last three years, Hibatullah Akhundzada has always stressed the importance of strengthening the Islamic system and warned that they would not give in to any pressure in this respect.
In a recent speech, Akhundzada still asked the members of the Islamic Emirate to stay united and avoid differences and divisions.
Turkish intelligence agents have captured a senior member of Daesh near the Durand Line, reportedly preventing planned suicide attacks in Turkey and other countries, according to Turkey’s state-run Anadolu Agency on Monday.
The suspect, identified as Mehmet Goren, is a Turkish citizen. He was apprehended during a covert operation and transferred to Turkey. Details on the timing of the operation or the involvement of Afghan and Pakistani authorities were not disclosed.
According to the report, Goren had risen through the ranks of Daesh and was allegedly tasked with carrying out suicide bombings in Turkey, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Europe.
Daesh has a history of deadly attacks in Turkey, including the January 1, 2017 shooting at an Istanbul nightclub that killed 39 people.
Anadolu Agency reported that Goren’s arrest also provided intelligence on the group’s recruitment strategies and planned activities.
Dozens of needy families in Kabul’s fifth district have received essential winter assistance from the Bayat Foundation, as part of ongoing efforts to ease hardship during the cold season and worsening economic conditions.
According to foundation officials, the aid package includes staple food items such as flour, rice, and cooking oil, along with warm blankets to help families cope with freezing temperatures. Haji Mohammad Ismail, Deputy Head of Bayat Foundation, said the distribution began in Kabul and will soon be expanded to other provinces.
“Our assistance includes flour, rice, cooking oil, and blankets,” Ismail said. “Today, we started distributing these items in Kabul’s fifth district, and God willing, the aid will reach other provinces in the near future.”
Afghanistan continues to face widespread poverty, unemployment, and food insecurity, with many families struggling to meet basic needs, particularly during winter when access to work and heating becomes more difficult.Humanitarian organizations and charitable foundations have stepped up relief efforts to support those most affected.
Beneficiaries welcomed the assistance, describing it as a lifeline. “May God bless you for helping the poor. We had nothing and no work,” said one recipient. Another added, “Thank you for your help. Our flour was almost finished.”
Bayat Foundation officials stressed that winter aid distributions will continue in Kabul and other provinces in the coming days, as part of their broader commitment to supporting needy families across the country.
Since the Islamic Emirate came to power, approximately 6.8 million Afghans have returned home, either voluntarily or forcibly, from neighboring countries and other nations, according to the Minister of Refugees and Repatriation.
Mawlawi Abdul Kabir, speaking at a meeting on finalizing a draft plan for a permanent migration solution in Afghanistan, added that 1.3 million Afghans have been internally displaced due to natural disasters during the same period.
With winter approaching, widespread poverty and severe cold are threatening thousands of lives. Meanwhile, the forced expulsion of Afghan migrants from neighboring countries, particularly Iran and Pakistan, continues.
The Islamic Emirate has repeatedly urged neighboring states to allow migrants to return voluntarily. According to UNHCR, over two million Afghans have returned from Iran and Pakistan since the start of 2025.
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