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Over half a million Afghans receive health aid in October as infections surge

Measles and ARI outbreaks remain particularly concerning amid low vaccination coverage, harsh winter conditions, and limited access to primary healthcare.

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Afghanistan’s health sector continues to face mounting pressure as humanitarian organizations respond to rising disease outbreaks, large-scale population movements, and the lingering impact of natural disasters, according to the Afghanistan Health Cluster’s October 2025 bulletin issued by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Despite severe funding gaps and operational restrictions, 54 Health Cluster partners provided lifesaving health services to 512,679 people across all 34 provinces during the month.

Assistance was delivered through 862 health facilities in 310 districts, underscoring both the scale of need and the continued reliance on humanitarian actors to keep essential services running.

Between 1 September and 31 October, 25 Health Cluster partners supported the health response in Afghanistan’s eastern region — an area heavily affected by mass return movements from Pakistan and Iran.

In October alone, 15 partners provided health services to earthquake-affected populations, while 139,285 returnees were reached during the two-month period, including:

  • 35,957 women
  • 26,897 men
  • 38,722 girls
  • 37,659 boys

Humanitarian agencies warn that the influx of returnees, many with urgent health needs, is straining already fragile health infrastructure.

Disease outbreaks rising sharply

The bulletin highlights multiple disease outbreaks, with several conditions showing alarming increases in October:

  • Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD) with dehydration: 15,460 cases
  • Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI)/Pneumonia: 118,090 cases and 197 deaths
  • A 54.5% spike compared to September (76,430 cases)
  • Measles: 3,721 cases
  • Dengue fever: 1,826 cases
  • Malaria: 15,253 cases (a 9.5% decrease from September’s 16,846 cases)
  • Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF): 120 cases

Measles and ARI outbreaks remain particularly concerning amid low vaccination coverage, harsh winter conditions, and limited access to primary healthcare.

Coordination and support strengthened

To streamline humanitarian health operations, 35 Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) were reviewed in October, with 15 approved by the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH). Approvals are crucial for NGOs to maintain legal access and operate medical facilities across the country.

Emergency supplies distributed

As part of emergency preparedness efforts, WHO delivered 951 emergency medical kits to 114 health facilities in 26 provinces, enough to support an estimated 928,050 people for the next three months.

A health system under strain

Afghanistan’s healthcare system remains heavily dependent on humanitarian aid following years of conflict, economic collapse, and reduced international funding since 2021.

Recurrent border closures, harsh winter conditions, rising displacement, and ongoing outbreaks continue to drive up humanitarian needs.

The Health Cluster warns that without sustained support, essential services — particularly maternal and child health, vaccination coverage, and emergency response — risk severe disruption.

The October bulletin underscores both the immense challenges facing Afghanistan’s health sector and the critical role aid agencies play in sustaining basic health services for millions.

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Mujahid: Afghanistan’s borders secure, territory will not be used against other countries

Mujahid said the country’s border forces are fully responsible for safeguarding Afghanistan’s territorial integrity and national interests.

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Islamic Emirate spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid says Afghanistan’s border security remains under control, stressing that attempts by smugglers and what he described as “criminal elements” to create instability are swiftly neutralized by border forces.

Speaking at the “Government Program Through the Lens of the Media” briefing on Tuesday, Mujahid said the country’s border forces are fully responsible for safeguarding Afghanistan’s territorial integrity and national interests, adding that the security situation along the borders is stable and reliable.

He said smugglers and “criminal elements” occasionally attempt to create security challenges in border areas, but maintained that such incidents are brought under control within minutes by Islamic Emirate forces.

Mujahid also highlighted the performance of the Ministry of Borders, Ethnicities and Tribes, saying it has made significant progress in strengthening national unity and resolving disputes over the past year.

According to him, the ministry settled 432 disputes during the past year and organized 33 major tribal and public gatherings across the country’s provinces aimed at promoting reconciliation and social cohesion.

Reiterating the Islamic Emirate’s foreign policy, Mujahid said the government follows an economy-oriented and connectivity-based approach and seeks positive relations with all countries in the region and beyond.

He also reaffirmed that Afghan territory will not be used against any other country, describing the policy as a key principle of the Islamic Emirate’s engagement with the international community.

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UNAMA: 57 civilians killed in Pakistan attacks in three months

The report comes as Afghan rights organization Rawadari released a separate assessment claiming that at least 472 civilians have been killed and 715 others injured in Pakistani attacks over the past 18 months.

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The United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) says 57 civilians were killed and 342 others injured in Pakistani security forces attacks between April 1 and June 30, 2026, according to its latest quarterly human rights report.

UNAMA said the casualties occurred as a result of armed violence along the Afghanistan-Pakistan frontier, with the dead including six women and 31 children. The mission noted that the highest number of civilian casualties was recorded during Pakistani airstrikes on the eastern provinces of Paktika, Kunar, and Paktia on June 28.

According to the report, UNAMA documented a total of 399 civilian casualties during the three-month period, comprising 57 deaths and 342 injuries. Overall, the victims included 40 women and 112 children. The mission said airstrikes and ground engagements were the primary causes of civilian harm and attributed all civilian casualties recorded during the reporting period to Pakistani security forces.

The report comes as Afghan rights organization Rawadari released a separate assessment claiming that at least 472 civilians have been killed and 715 others injured in Pakistani attacks over the past 18 months.

Rawadari said the attacks displaced more than 29,000 families and damaged or destroyed hundreds of civilian facilities, including healthcare centers, schools, mosques, and residential homes, in at least 50 separate incidents across Afghanistan.

The organization identified the attack on the Omid Drug Treatment Center in Kabul as the deadliest incident during the reporting period, saying at least 300 people were killed or wounded. It added that other human rights organizations have previously described such attacks as potential war crimes and called for those responsible to be held accountable.

Meanwhile, Afghanistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs described Pakistan’s attacks as a violation of the country’s sovereignty and rejected Islamabad’s claims that the strikes targeted armed militants. The ministry urged the international community to condemn what it called Pakistan’s “aggressive actions.”

For its part, the Pakistani Embassy in Kabul told UNAMA that armed groups opposed to the Pakistani government continue to use Afghan territory to launch attacks against Pakistan.

The Islamic Emirate has repeatedly rejected the allegation, calling it baseless.

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Badakhshan information chief killed in armed attack; tribal elder also slain in Nimroz

One of the attackers was shot dead by Amiri’s security guards during the incident,

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The head of the Information and Culture Department in Afghanistan’s northeastern Badakhshan province was killed on Tuesday after being attacked by armed men riding motorcycles, local officials said.

Ehsanullah Kamgar, spokesman for the Badakhshan Police Command, said Zabihullah Amiri, the provincial director of Information and Culture, came under attack while traveling on the Faizabad–Baharak road on Tuesday morning.

Kamgar confirmed that Amiri was killed in the attack.

He added that one of the attackers was shot dead by Amiri’s security guards during the incident, while security forces are continuing efforts to identify and apprehend the remaining suspects.

The motive behind the attack has not yet been disclosed.

The killing came a day after another deadly attack in western Afghanistan.

According to the Nimroz Police Command, unidentified gunmen opened fire on Haji Abdul Khaliq Noorzai, a prominent tribal elder, on Monday in Zaranj, the provincial capital.

Police spokesman Gul Mohammad Qudrat said Noorzai and his nephew were killed in the attack, while two other people sustained injuries.

Authorities said the motive for the shooting remains unknown. Security forces have launched an investigation and are working to identify and arrest those responsible.

Officials said further details will be released after the investigation is completed.

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