The two sides agreed to accelerate the implementation of existing trade agreements, address transit and banking challenges, and facilitate smoother operations for Afghan traders in Kazakhstan.
Officials say the exhibition aims to strengthen cross-border partnerships and attract investors to projects that can boost trade and regional development.
Xi said that China and India are each other's development opportunities rather than threats, Chinese state news agency Xinhua reported.
China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi is also expected to join talks from Thursday, but it was unclear if Rubio would meet with him.
